Rising Concerns Over Heat and Humidity in Southern California

Officials Warn of Health Risks from Extreme Weather

Southern California is experiencing oppressive humidity and intense heat this week, prompting concerns about potential health impacts. Historically, heat-related illnesses have been a significant issue in California, as evidenced by climate change and rising temperatures.

A 2021 investigation by The Times revealed 3,900 heat-related deaths in California over a decade. Public agencies struggled to provide necessary assistance to those affected. Los Angeles County officials report an increase in emergency visits due to heat-related illnesses during summer heat waves, according to data from a county health department dashboard.

Humidity’s Role in Heat Perception

Humidity this week exacerbates the heat, making temperatures feel even hotter. Climate scientist Daniel Swain emphasizes that the current humidity levels are exceptionally high for Southern California. This humidity impacts the body’s ability to cool itself naturally, as sweat evaporates less effectively, keeping the body warmer.

Understanding Heat Stress

Dr. David Eisenman of UCLA’s David Geffen School of Medicine and Fielding School of Public Health explains “heat stress” as the total amount of heat the body manages to maintain stable core and organ temperatures. Our bodies function best at an internal temperature of 98.6 degrees, constantly striving to maintain this, whether dealing with external factors like hot weather or internal factors like exercise.

Eisenman suggests “skin wetting” to help cool the body. This involves keeping bare skin damp, using a spray bottle to mist water on the face, neck, and forearms every 5-10 minutes. Soaking clothing in cold water or applying an iced or chilled damp towel also helps.

Guidelines from Los Angeles Department of Public Health

• Stay hydrated by drinking water throughout the day, even if not thirsty.
• Take precautions outdoors; avoid the hottest hours, wear lightweight, light-colored clothing, hats, umbrellas, and sunscreen (SPF 15 or higher).
• Keep your home cool; if not possible, visit air-conditioned spaces or cooling centers.
• Never leave children or pets in vehicles; call 911 if a child or pet is alone in a vehicle.
• Check on high-risk individuals: sick or chronic conditions, older adults, pregnant women, children, those living alone, pets, outdoor workers, athletes, and anyone without air conditioning.
• Call 911 for symptoms like confusion, fainting, hot, red skin, high body temperature (103°F or higher), fast pulse, headache, dizziness, or nausea.
• Take cool showers or baths; use stove and oven less to keep your home cooler. Visit libraries, malls, or other air-conditioned spaces.
• Call 211 if you need help finding a cool space.

Recognizing and Responding to Heat Illness

Heat Exhaustion

Symptoms: Body temperature over 104 degrees, lethargy, dizziness, communication difficulties, headache, cognitive dips, fainting, and profuse sweating.

Treatment: Follow heat syncope instructions, remove excess clothing, wet a towel and wrap it around the body, and call 911.

Heatstroke

Symptoms: Body temperature over 104 degrees, loss of consciousness, possibly dry skin, and lack of sweat due to compromised cooling.

Treatment: Find a cool place and call 911.