The Health Risks of Oilfield Brine Spread on Ohio Roads

Oilfield brine has been applied to Ohio’s roads for over four decades despite its radioactive properties posing serious health risks. This brine, a byproduct of oil and gas extraction, is used in parts of Licking County to melt ice and reduce dust. Researchers from Ohio State University are investigating the potential long-term health effects on those living in areas where brine is spread. This includes regions in Licking, Coshocton, and Ashtabula counties.

Dr. Arbor Quist, an environmental epidemiologist and assistant professor at OSU, is leading this exploratory study. She stated, “I’ve been working on the health effects of oil and gas development for the past decade.” The research, which began this summer, involves collecting unconventional data such as toenail clippings, baby teeth, and soil samples from eligible adults and children in Licking County. Participants are offered gift cards for their involvement.

This issue is broader than Licking County. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources examined brine from 107 wells across 26 counties and found them too radioactive for environmental discharge under Ohio law. An interactive map developed by Quist uses AI to sort data on brine application statewide.

“Chronic exposure to high radium levels can increase bone, liver or breast cancer risk,” states the Environmental Protection Agency.

Radium shares chemical properties with calcium, leading bones to absorb it. As radium decays, radon gas is formed, a leading lung cancer cause in the U.S. Licking County is labeled a “ground zero” for radon by The Columbus Dispatch. Radium persists post-brine application, potentially entering gardens and water systems.

Oilfield brine spreading has been lawful since 1985. Activists, including Jacque Morgan from Buckeye Environmental Network, oppose this practice. Ohio Senate Bill 329 aims to ban brine on roads. While the bill had a hearing in February, further progress is stalled.

Granville Township avoided brine’s contaminants by using a water and road salt de-icer. Morgan encourages other townships to follow suit, emphasizing health over profit. “If you benefit from gas and oil,” she said, “then ensure healthy air, a safe ground, and clean water.” Community discussions, such as Quist’s session at Granville Farmers Market, aim to increase awareness of radium’s effects.

Morgan is uncertain if the research can change practices, but hopes for more informed decisions affecting quality of life and health.